Theory of Knowledge

Intent

The Theory of Knowledge curriculum aims to develop each student’s critical thinking by asking them to reflect on what they know and how they know it. This leads to an examination of the nature of knowledge across a range of subjects and the good reasons we have for believing certain claims while doubting others. The course encourages intellectual curiosity, open-mindedness, and the ability to question assumptions. Diverse, and often challenging, perspectives are encountered and engaged with in a safe space where everything is up for discussion and debate. Ultimately, the Theory of Knowledge course prepares students to survive in a world where knowledge is contested and separating out what is and what isn’t true is more vital than ever. 

Implementation

• Focus on knowledge questions: All lessons are built around knowledge questions taken from the TOK subject guide 

• Presentation of different perspectives: Lessons include a variety of perspectives that enable effective discussion of knowledge issues. 

• Discussion and debate: Lessons are designed to encourage dialogue, argumentation, and respectful debate. 

• Socratic questioning: Teachers help guide student thinking through the use of Socratic questioning. 

• Preparation for assessment: Students complete an internally assessed TOK exhibition (one-third of the grade) and an externally assessed 1,600-word TOK essay (two-thirds of the grade). 

Impact

• Critical thinking: Students gain the ability to analyse and evaluate knowledge claims across a range of areas of knowledge. 

• Familiarity with key thinkers: Students are made aware of key figures and theories about the nature of knowledge.  

• Pluralistic thinking: Students learn to appreciate the value of diverse perspectives, moving beyond monolithic or ‘either/or’ thinking. 

• Ethics: Students consider a range of ethical theories and apply these to a range of situations. 

• Voice: Students become more confident at sharing their opinions with others in the class.